⚙️ Classical Mechanics — Intermediate#

Scope — Newtonian dynamics in multiple dimensions, work–energy methods, and momentum conservation.

Key concepts#

• Forces and free‑body diagrams — systematic identification of forces acting on an object.
• Work and energy — alternative formulation of dynamics using energy transfer.
• Momentum and collisions — conservation laws governing interactions.

Seed Q&A triads#

• Q: Why are free‑body diagrams essential?
  A: They isolate an object and clearly show all forces, enabling correct application of Newton’s laws.

• Q: How does the work–energy theorem simplify problems?
  A: It relates net work to change in kinetic energy, often avoiding detailed force–time analysis.

• Q: When is momentum conserved?
  A: When the net external force on a system is zero.

Short exercises#

• Solve a block‑on‑incline problem using both force analysis and energy methods.
• Analyze an elastic versus inelastic collision and compare outcomes.